The Prohibition of attributing to Allaah and His Messenger (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) what is not True:
Allaah, the Most High, said:
“And say not concerning that which your tongues put forth falsely: ‘This is lawful and this is forbidden,’ so as to invent lies against Allaah. Verily, those who invent lies against Allaah will never prosper. ” (An-Nahl 16:116)
“And what think those who invent lies against Allaah, on the Day of Resurrection? [i.e. Do they think that they will be forgiven and excused!] Truly, Allaah is full of Bounty to mankind, but most of them are ungrateful. ” (Yoonus 10:60)
“Indeed they are in loss who have killed their children, from folly, without knowledge, and have forbidden that which Allaah has provided for them, inventing a lie against Allaah. They have indeed gone astray and were not guided. ” (Al-An`aam 6:140)
“And of the camels two, and of the oxen two. Say: ‘Has He forbidden the two males or the two females or (the young) which the wombs of the two females enclose? Or were you present when Allaah ordered you such a thing? Then who does more wrong than one who invents a lie against Allaah, to lead mankind astray without knowledge. Certainly Allaah guides not the people who are Zaalimoon (polytheists and wrongdoers).’ ” (Al-An`aam 6:144)
“They will bear their own burdens in full on the Day of Resurrection, and also of the burdens of those whom they misled without knowledge. Evil indeed is that which they shall bear!” (An-Nahl 16:25)
“And who does more wrong than he who invents a lie against Allaah or denies the truth when it comes to him? Is there not a dwelling in Hell for the disbelievers?” (Al-`Ankaboot, 29:68).
“And on the Day of Resurrection you will see those who lied against Allaah their faces will be black. Is there not in Hell an abode for the arrogant ones?” (Az-Zumar, 39:60).
Salamah ibn Al-Akwa` (radiyallaahu `anhu) and others narrated that the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said:
“Whoever ascribes to me what I have not said, let him occupy his seat in the Hell-fire!” And in another wording:
“No one ascribes to me falsehood or what I have not said except that he shall occupy his seat in the Hell-fire.”
Reported by Al-Bukhaaree in his Saheeh (109). The second wording was authenticated by, `Abdul-Qaadir Al-Arnaa’oot (Sharh-uth-Thulaathiyyaat, 2/584/296), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Musnad Ahmad, 27/56/524), Hikmat Basheer Yaaseen (Marwiyyaat Salamah ibn-il-Akwa`, p.69) and others.
Aboo Qataadah Al-Ansaaree (radiyallaahu `anhu) said: “I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) saying upon this pulpit:
“O people! Beware of relating a lot of Hadeeth about me! Whoever says anything about me must not say except the truth, for whoever ascribes to me what I have not said, let him occupy his seat in the Hell-fire!””
Authenticated by Al-Haakim (1/111), Ad-Diyaa’ (C.f. Jaami-ul-Ahaadeeth, 7/145/27664), Al-Al-Albaanee (As-Saheehah, 1753; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 2684), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Mushkil-ul-Aathaar, 413, 414; Musnad Ahmad, 22538), Al-Judai` (Tahreer `Uloom-il-Hadeeth, vol.1/f.n.340, vol.2/f.n.921), Ash-Shahree (Misbaah-uz-Zujaajah, 15), Husayn Asad (Musnad-ud-Daarimee, 243) and others.
It is also supported by another hadeeth narrated from Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhumaa) with a similar meaning, which was authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (2951), Al-Ishbeelee (Al-Ahkaam, 4/339), Ibn-ul-Qattaan (Al-Bayaan, 5/253), Ibn Hajar (Al-`Ujaab, 1/197-199) and As-Suyootee (C.f. Fayd-ul-Qadeer, 133), and Al-Ghumaaree alluded to its authenticity (Al-Mudaawee, 1/162). See also: Al-Muqtarib fee Bayaan-il-Mudtarib (p.62).
The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said:
“Whoever relates from me a Hadeeth which is thought to be a lie (or which he thinks is a lie), then he is (also) one of the liars.”
Reported by Muslim in the Introduction to his Saheeh (1). Authenticated by At-Tirmidhee (2662), Ibn Hibbaan (29), Ibn Hazm (Usool-ul-Ahkaam, 1/215), Ibn-ul-Jawzee (Al-Mawdoo`aat, 1/16), Al-Ishbeelee (Al-Ahkaam, 1/120), Ibn Taymeeyah (Majmoo`-ul-Fataawaa, 10/409), Al-Mu`allimee (At-Tankeel, 1/149), Al-Albaanee (Ad-Da`eefah, 1/50; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 6199; Al-Mishkaah, 199), Shu`aib Al-Arna’oot (Saheeh Ibn Hibbaan, 29), Al-Judai` (Tahreer `Uloom-il-Hadeeth, vol.1/f.n.341) and others.
Waathilah ibn Al-Asqa` (radiyallaahu `anhu) narrated that the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said:
“Verily, one of the worst lies is to ascribe to me what I have not said.”
Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (3509) in his Saheeh. The wording is that of Al-Bazzaar. C.f. Al-Majma` (1/144); As-Saheehah (7/173-174).
The Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam) said:
“Whoever was given a Fatwaa (religious verdict) without knowledge, his sin will be upon the one who gave him the Fatwaa.”
Authenticated by Al-Haakim (1/102-103, 126), Al-Ishbeelee (Al-Ahkaam, 1/108), Ibn Muflih (Al-Aadaab-ush-Shar`iyyah, 2/157), Al-Albaanee (Hidaayat-ur-Ruwaah, 233; Saheeh-ul-Jaami`, 6068, 6069; Al-Adab-ul-Mufrad, 259), `Abdul-Qaadir Al-Arnaa’oot (Jaami`-ul-Usool, 9171), Al-Hilaalee (Mawsoo`at-ul-Manaahee, 1/207-208), Az-Zuhairee (Al-Adab-ul-Mufrad, 259), Baasim Al-Jawaabirah (Al-Kabaa’ir, 224), Husayn Asad (Musnad-ud-Daarimee, 162) and others.
Ash-Shaukaanee (An-Nayl, 15/429) and Ar-Rubaa`ee (Fath-ul-Ghaffaar, 5984) said about one of its routes: “Its narrators are reliable Imaams.” Al-Ghumaaree also alluded to its authenticity.
It is also supported by a mawqoof hadeeth narrated from Ibn `Abbaas (radiyallaahu `anhum).
Authenticated by Mashhoor Salmaan (I`laam-ul-Muwaqqi`een, 3/466), Husayn Asad (Musnad-ud-Daarimee, 162) and others. See: Saheeh-ul-Faqeeh wal-Mutafaqqih (p.388); Jaami` Bayaan-il-`Ilm (2/862).
Masrooq narrated that Ibn Mas`ood (radiyallaahu `anhu) said:
“Whoever knows, should say (what he knows), and whoever does not know should say: “Allaah knows best,” for it is from knowledge to say about what one does not know: “I do not know!” Verily, Allaah said to his Prophet (sallallaahu `alaihi wa sallam):
“Say: No wage do I ask of you for this (Qur’aan), nor am I one of the mutakallifoon (those who pretend and fabricate things which do not exist).”” (Saad, 38:86).
Reported by Al-Bukhaaree (4774, 4809, 4822) and Muslim (6997).
